Also included in: cell research stem; Genetics
Article Date: April 17, 2012-3: 00 PDT
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Two genes of particular repressor in a family of regulatory genes are vital to control the proliferation of cells in the development of the placenta, according to a new study by researchers at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Cancer of James Arthur g. and Richard j. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC - James) hospital.
The two genes are called E2f7 and E2f8. Their absence in the results of stem cells in placenta composed of overcrowded, poorly organized cells that cannot properly transport of oxygen and nutrients or support normal embryonic development.
When placental stem cells also lacked a third gene, the gene activating called E2f3a, placental abnormalities have been corrected and embryos carried at birth.
At the molecular level, the results, published in the journal Developmental Cell, shows how these E2Fs control cell proliferation in intact animals, say researchers.
"The findings provide an overview of the role of these two repressor genes," said researchers main, Gustavo Leone, Associate Professor of medicine and Director of basic research associate.
The two genes belong to a family of regulatory genes in humans, which has eight members. They are all believed to activate or remove other genes to control cell division and proliferation of normal cells and cancer. But the genes that they regulate and how they interact with one another in live animals is poorly understood.
"Regulatory genes of E2F was thought to be important for some time, but many of them, it was difficult to say who is doing what," said Leone.
"Here, we show that the repressors E2f7 and E2f8 are essential for the development of a placenta intact, functional, and that they balance the effects of the gene activating E2f3a," Leone said. "Because these two repressors are important for proliferation, they can also play an important role by removing the tumor development.".
For this study, Leone and his colleagues used animal models that did not have one or more of the three genes in trophoblast stem cells, which give rise to the placenta E2F.
Previous work, led by Leone have shown that, in some cases, E2F gene may be an activator in some tissues and a repressor in others.
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