View the original article here
E-mail to a friend 
printer friendly 
views
The need to swab the nose of pregnant women and newborns for the presence of MRSA (Staphylococcus aureus resistant to Methicillin) may be unfounded, according to a study by Vanderbilt now available online, published in may issue of Pediatrics.
The principal author of the study, Buddy Creech, MD, MPH, Professor of Pediatrics, said that it was often feared that mothers carrying with MRSA may risk of transmitting the infection to their infants, but Vanderbilt Pediatric Infectious Diseases researchers found that rarely sick babies of MRSA infections, despite often carry the germ.
"Describing the time and mode of transmission is important, because the most critical in this research is that babies are most commonly exposed to MRSA in early infancy, often with strains that are unlikely to cause disease," said Creech.
The study enrolled more than 500 pregnant women in Nashville and Memphis. Nasal, vaginal swabs were collected and tested for the presence of bacteria at regular intervals, including the time of delivery. Babies have been buffered right after birth and at the age of 2 and 4 months.
The results show little of vertical transmission of MRSA from the mother to the child, said Creech, but babies closely match carrier status of their mother by 2 months of age. This suggests a mother carrying bacteria s. aureus nose it will give to her baby and her baby will become colonized from close contact in six to eight weeks after birth, which is called horizontal transfer.
"Laboratories have found a large amount of MRSA.". "Even in our study we found 20% of pregnant women will have, and 20% of babies to eight weeks," said Creech. "But there is enormous anxiety about what it means and, for doctors, what are you doing?"
"We are not exaggerated transport when the incidence of the disease is low." Many babies are colonized. A lot. Twenty per cent at the age of 2 months is the highest that we have never seen, but in our study only two babies has the disease, said Creech.
Creech, said, at this time, the best action in the colonization of MRSA is detected in pregnant women can be anything.
The next stage of research is to determine if mother-child transmission of MRSA in childhood may provide benefits, such as greater protection against MRSA more serious disease later in life.
Article adapted by Medical News Today news release original. Click on "References" tab over the source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used so that you know when your message is published. We do not use it for other purposes. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write on drugs or operations, please do not name by name health professionals.
All notices are moderated before be included (to stop spam)
Contact our News editors
For corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors, please use our feedback form.
Please send any health or medical news press releases to:
Note: any medical information published on this site is not intended as a substitute to informed medical advice and step take any action before consulting with a health care professional institution. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
email to a friend printer friendly opinions
Scientists have identified which strains of the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, the cause of toxoplasmosis, are most strongly associated with premature births and severe birth defects in the United States. The researchers used a new blood test developed by scientists at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, to pinpoint T. gondii strains that children acquire from their acutely infected mothers while in the womb.
Pregnant women can become infected with T. gondii through contact with cat feces that contain infectious forms of the parasite or by eating undercooked meat. Women who become infected while pregnant may miscarry, give birth prematurely, or have babies with eye or brain damage.
"If undetected or untreated, congenital toxoplasmosis can have serious consequences for a child's quality of life," noted NIAID Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. "The findings from this study support the value of screening for toxoplasmosis to identify patients who could benefit from treatment."
Currently available blood tests can determine whether a person has ever been infected with any strain of Toxoplasma parasite. The experimental test developed at NIAID improves upon the older tests because it can detect the presence of strain-specific antibodies that distinguish infecting strains from one another. The test was developed by Michael Grigg, Ph.D., of NIAID's Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, and his colleagues. It was applied to blood samples collected between 1981 and 2009 as part of the National Collaborative Chicago-Based Congenital Toxoplasmosis Study. The study of congenitally infected children was initiated by NIAID grantee Rima McLeod, M.D., of the University of Chicago, who is the first author of the new study, published online in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
At least 15 distinct T. gondii strain types have been found throughout the world. In France, where research has been done to establish which strains are most common, a strain called type II predominates. Type II parasites can be distinguished from all other strains, which are collectively termed not exclusively type II strains (or NE-II).
Using the new test, the researchers found evidence of either type II or NE-II infections in 183 of the mother-child pairs in the national congenital toxoplasmosis study. Statistical analysis revealed that NE-II parasites were more likely to be associated with premature birth, and infants infected with these strains were more likely to have severe manifestations of disease than infants infected by type II parasites. For example, severe eye damage was seen in 67 percent of NE-II cases (59 out of 88), while such eye damage was present in only 39 percent of type II cases (18 out of 46). The researchers noted, however, that the association is not absolute, and that mild, moderate or severe disease can result regardless of the infecting strain.
"We knew that, in mice, certain parasite strains are clearly associated with severe disease," said Dr. Grigg. "But we didn't know if the same association between strain type and disease severity would hold true for people. Until now, we had not systematically determined whether infected people in the United States had European-type strains or other types, and we also hadn't determined whether strains found here would have more severe disease symptoms associated with them."
When she helped start the congenital toxoplasmosis study in 1981, optimal drug treatment regimens were unknown, said Dr. McLeod. Now, thanks in part to controlled clinical trials run under the auspices of the study, the condition can be successfully treated and many babies who are diagnosed before or shortly after birth and who are treated suffer few or no ill effects. When the researchers looked at the clinical histories of those children in the long-term study who had been diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis during gestation and whose mothers had received drug treatment prior to giving birth, the association between NE-II and severe disease at birth vanished. "Our study demonstrates that outcomes are equally good following postnatal treatment for type II and NE-II parasites, although not all outcomes are favorable for all children," she said.
In France, all pregnant women are screened for Toxoplasma infection. Prompt treatment is offered to any woman who becomes infected while pregnant, thus lessening the chance that the parasite will damage the fetus, Dr. McLeod noted. "In the United States, obstetrical screening for Toxoplasma infection is rarely practiced. This new study underscores the value of identifying all patients who will benefit from treatment and suggests that widespread screening and treatment of pregnant women who are infected could prevent infants from suffering eye and brain damage due to congenital toxoplasmosis," she said.
Unlike in France, where type II is the most common strain detected, the new study found that NE-II parasites predominated (61 percent) in the United States over the three-decade span of the national collaborative study. NE-II parasites were more common than type II along the Gulf Coast, the Pacific coast and in Hawaii. NE-II strains were also more common among lower-income and rural populations.
Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used to let you know when your message is published. We do not use it for any other purpose. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write about specific medications or operations, please do not name health care professionals by name.
All opinions are moderated before being included (to stop spam)
Contact Our News Editors
For any corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors please use our feedback form.
Please send any medical news or health news press releases to:
Note: Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a health care professional. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
View the original article here
E-mail to a friend printer friendly views
A new study from the University of Illinois contains a warning for obese women planning a pregnancy. Even if they eat healthy, pregnant, their babies will develop in an unhealthy environment which places infants at risk of health problems future.
"We can see fat sequestered in the placentas of mothers and obese when it must go to the baby to support its growth." The area of supply of nutrients in the placenta of a mother obese is half that of a normal-weight mothers, even when both eat the same healthy diet, said Yuan Xiang Pan, a u of I Professor of nutrition.
Pan criticises what he calls environmental obesogenic of the mother, which includes an increase in triglycerides, levels high hormone leptin and high amounts of non-esterified acid fatty (NEFAs) circulating in the body of the mother obese pregnant women. Nonesterified fatty acid and triglyceride levels are nearly two times higher among obese mothers, even when they consume a healthy diet during pregnancy, he said.
"My advice is, losing weight well before you become pregnant," said Pan.
In the study, the researcher compared the placentas of obese rats fed a healthy diet during pregnancy with the placentas resistant to obesity in rats the same diet.
"Although obese women did not gain much weight on healthy eating, the obesogenic environment remained, and it affects regulation of transport of the nutrients in the placenta," he said.
As a result, obese mothers gave birth to babies who were up to 17% smaller that they should have. The consequences for infants may be continuous, making them more vulnerable to the disease, he noted.
Pan, epigenetics, was able to demonstrate for the first time that the DKK1 gene regulates aspects of the lipid metabolism in the placenta by WNT signaling.
"Understand this process should help us identify biomarkers that would allow a potential to say yes mother doctor, you have lost weight, chemical conditions that were created by your excess weight disappeared, and this is a good time for you to become pregnant," said.
BIOMARKERS could also be useful in testing of new babies. If doctors can see the pre-pregnancy and pregnancy of the mother plans were insufficient, there may be ways to offset this poor prenatal environment, he said.
"The point that I would like to go to women of childbearing age is that they must pay attention to their weight well before becoming pregnant if they want to have a healthy baby." Obesity creates unhealthy conditions in the body of the mother who take the time to correct. "A healthy mother will give birth to a baby that is more resistant to disease," he said.
Article adapted by Medical News Today news release original. Click on "References" tab over the source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used so that you know when your message is published. We do not use it for other purposes. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write on drugs or operations, please do not name by name health professionals.
All notices are moderated before be included (to stop spam)
Contact our News editors
For corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors, please use our feedback form.
Please send any health or medical news press releases to:
Note: any medical information published on this site is not intended as a substitute to informed medical advice and step take any action before consulting with a health care professional institution. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
View the original article here
E-mail to a friend printer friendly views
Obese women are at risk of problems during pregnancy, labour and complications to the baby's health. A new study of over 3000 pregnant women confirms and also revealed that in underweight also has specific complications.
Researchers at the University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves in Granada, have identified risk during pregnancy specifically related to obesity and compared to underweight women to confirm that extreme thinness also carries a risk.
"Pregnancy, obesity is linked to hypertension, gestational diabetes, preterm labour, macrosomy of the fetus and unexplained death during labour" Sebastián Manzanares, the first author of the study says to SINC. "Nevertheless, it is still little information concerning the link between low birth weight and perinatal complications.
The study, published in the Journal of maternal-fetal and neonatal medicine, includes a sample of 3 016, 168 (5.5%) with extreme thinness, 2,597 (86.1%) pregnant women with a normal weight and 251 (8.3%) being severely obese or morbidly.
The results show that obese mothers have a higher risk of developing high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and colonization with Group B Streptococcus. For these women, it is also more common to induce labour, or undergo a caesarean or emergency. It is also more common for macrosomy or acidosis occurs at birth, or for the baby to die before she was born.
In addition, insufficient weight women are more prone to oligohydramnios (reduced in the amount of amniotic fluid) and their underweight infants. The incidence of women in labour prematurely or late was not significantly different from the mass of the mother.
"Mothers severely or morbidly obese have a higher risk of perinatal mortality and negative results and must therefore be informed on weight loss and how to recognize the warning signs of possible complications" Manzanares highlights. "Nevertheless, this group, and underweight women, must be considered"high risk"."
Chubbier babies
The new study shows that infants of mothers severely or morbidly obese are larger. In addition, the risk of fetal macrosomy is 2.3 times more important in this group compared to women with normal weight.
For authors "these results justify the need for evaluation before pregnancy and it could be a convincing argument for the change of weight". "The study shows an increased risk for severe or morbid obesity and underweight women also," concludes Manzanares.
Article adapted by Medical News Today news release original. Click on "References" tab over the source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used so that you know when your message is published. We do not use it for other purposes. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write on drugs or operations, please do not name by name health professionals.
All notices are moderated before be included (to stop spam)
Contact our News editors
For corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors, please use our feedback form.
Please send any health or medical news press releases to:
Note: any medical information published on this site is not intended as a substitute to informed medical advice and step take any action before consulting with a health care professional institution. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
View the original article here
email to a friend printer friendly views
Overall, 17% of children in the United States are obese, and in inner-city neighborhoods, the prevalence is as high as 25%. While poor diets and physical inactivity are the main culprits, there is new evidence that air pollution can play a role.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health finds that pregnant women in New York City exposed to higher concentrations of chemicals called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs, were more than twice as likely to have children who were obese by age 7 compared with women with lower levels of exposure. PAH, a common urban pollutant, are released into the air from the burning of coal, diesel, oil and gas, or other organic substances such as tobacco.
Results are published in the American Journal of Epidemiology.
"Obesity is a complex disease with multiple risk factors." "It isn't just the result of individual choices like diet and exercise," says the study's lead author Andrew g. Rundle, Dr. P.H., a professor of epidemiology at Columbia's Mailman School of Public Health. "For many people who don't have the resources to buy healthy food or don't have the time to exercise, prenatal exposure to air pollution may tip the scales, making them even more susceptible to obesity."
Researchers recruited 702 non-smoking pregnant women through prenatal clinics at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and Harlem Hospital. The women were 18-35 years old, identified themselves as either African-American or Dominican, and lived in areas in Northern Manhattan or the South Bronx that are predominantly low income. Over the course of two days during their third trimester, they wore a small backpack equipped to extensively sample the surrounding air; at night they placed it near their bed.
Children of women exposed to high levels of PAH during pregnancy were nearly twice as likely (1.79 times) to be obese at age 5, and more than twice as likely (2.26 times) to be obese at age 7, compared with children of mothers with lower levels of exposure. The 7-year-olds whose mothers were in the highest exposure group had, on average, 2.4 lbs. more fat mass than children of mothers with the least exposure.
"Not only was their body mass higher, but it was higher due to body fat rather than bone or muscle mass," says Dr. Rundle.
These findings fit with evidence from animal studies and tissue sample experiments. Mouse studies have shown that exposure to PAH causes gains in fat mass, while cell culture studies have shown that exposures to PAH prevent normal lipolysis, the process by which fat cells shed lipids and shrink in size.
Previous research at the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health (CCCEH) at the Mailman School found that prenatal exposure to PAH can negatively affect childhood IQs and is linked to anxiety, depression and attention problems in young children. PAH also disrupt the body's endocrine system and are known carcinogens.
Fortunately, there are ways to reduce PAH exposure. Some fuels release more of the chemicals than others, explains Dr. Rundle, and efforts in New York City to take diesel buses off the streets and retrofit oil furnaces so they burn cleaner fuel is already starting to help.
Despite known linkages between socioeconomic status and obesity levels, the researchers found the impact of PAH on risk of obesity was not influenced by household income or neighborhood poverty. They also ruled out the influence of cigarette smoke in the household and proximity to highly trafficked roads.
Robin Whyatt, DrPH, the paper's senior author, notes that the study is one of the first to present evidence that chemicals in the environmental can contribute to obesity in human beings. Future research will focus on identifying other examples of these "obesogens" and ways to reduce them, says Dr. Whyatt, who is deputy director at CCCEH and professor of clinical environmental health sciences at the Mailman School.
Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used to let you know when your message is published. We do not use it for any other purpose. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write about specific medications or operations, please do not name health care professionals by name.
All opinions are moderated before being included (to stop spam)
Contact Our News Editors
For any corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors please use our feedback form.
Please send any medical news or health news press releases to:
Note: Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a health care professional. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
email to a friend printer friendly opinions
Pregnant women who are overweight with moderately elevated blood sugar never set off any alarms for their physicians. The big concern was for women who were obese or who had gestational diabetes because those conditions are known to cause a host of health risks to the mom and baby.
But a new study shows these women who are just above average for weight and blood sugar are at a higher risk of bad pregnancy outcomes than previously known. In fact, this group is at higher risk than pregnant women who are obese with normal blood sugar or pregnant women who have gestational diabetes and a normal weight.
"These are women who have not been on our radar because they don't have gestational diabetes and aren't obese, but our study shows if you are one step away from each of those, you carry some significant risks," said principle investigator Boyd Metzger, M.D., a professor of medicine-endocrinology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and a physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. "We need to address the combination of overweight and blood sugar of these women as urgently as we do for women who are obese or have gestational diabetes."
This group of women comprised about 6 percent of the total number of women in the study. Obese women made up 16 percent of the group and those with gestational diabetes accounted for 13.7 percent.
The study also found women who are both obese and have gestational diabetes are at a much higher risk of having an adverse pregnancy than women having only one of those conditions.
The paper, published in the April issue of Diabetes Care, is from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study and includes 23,316 women from nine countries.
One of the adverse outcomes for these mothers is having large babies, the result of fat accumulation. Large babies increase the risk of injury to the baby during vaginal delivery, increasing the likelihood of a Caesarean section.
The study found when the mothers are obese and have gestational diabetes, the babies weigh 340 grams more than babies of mothers with normal weight and blood sugar. When the mothers are overweight (but not obese) with above-average blood sugar levels, the babies weigh 214 grams more. Mothers of normal weight but with gestational diabetes have babies who weigh 164 grams more. And obese mothers with normal glucose levels have babies with an increased weight of 174 grams.
A pregnant woman's higher blood sugar level and weight also can lead to higher insulin and lower blood sugar levels in a newborn. In turn, these effects may eventually trigger obesity and diabetes, perhaps as early as childhood.
"The big message from this is when you look at the impact of nutrition, metabolism and weight on pregnancy outcomes, every woman - on her first prenatal visit - should get a prescription for a session with a dietician and an appropriate healthy eating plan for her pregnancy," said Metzger, also the Tom D. Spies Professor of Metabolism and Nutrition at Northwestern's Feinberg School. "This doesn't happen, but it should, and insurance companies should reimburse it."
Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used to let you know when your message is published. We do not use it for any other purpose. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write about specific medications or operations, please do not name health care professionals by name.
All opinions are moderated before being included (to stop spam)
Contact Our News Editors
For any corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors please use our feedback form.
Please send any medical news or health news press releases to:
Note: Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a health care professional. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
E-mail to a friend printer friendly views
Two genes of particular repressor in a family of regulatory genes are vital to control the proliferation of cells in the development of the placenta, according to a new study by researchers at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - Cancer of James Arthur g. and Richard j. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC - James) hospital.
The two genes are called E2f7 and E2f8. Their absence in the results of stem cells in placenta composed of overcrowded, poorly organized cells that cannot properly transport of oxygen and nutrients or support normal embryonic development.
When placental stem cells also lacked a third gene, the gene activating called E2f3a, placental abnormalities have been corrected and embryos carried at birth.
At the molecular level, the results, published in the journal Developmental Cell, shows how these E2Fs control cell proliferation in intact animals, say researchers.
"The findings provide an overview of the role of these two repressor genes," said researchers main, Gustavo Leone, Associate Professor of medicine and Director of basic research associate.
The two genes belong to a family of regulatory genes in humans, which has eight members. They are all believed to activate or remove other genes to control cell division and proliferation of normal cells and cancer. But the genes that they regulate and how they interact with one another in live animals is poorly understood.
"Regulatory genes of E2F was thought to be important for some time, but many of them, it was difficult to say who is doing what," said Leone.
"Here, we show that the repressors E2f7 and E2f8 are essential for the development of a placenta intact, functional, and that they balance the effects of the gene activating E2f3a," Leone said. "Because these two repressors are important for proliferation, they can also play an important role by removing the tumor development.".
For this study, Leone and his colleagues used animal models that did not have one or more of the three genes in trophoblast stem cells, which give rise to the placenta E2F.
Previous work, led by Leone have shown that, in some cases, E2F gene may be an activator in some tissues and a repressor in others.
Article adapted by Medical News Today news release original. Click on "References" tab over the source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used so that you know when your message is published. We do not use it for other purposes. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write on drugs or operations, please do not name by name health professionals.
All notices are moderated before be included (to stop spam)
Contact our News editors
For corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors, please use our feedback form.
Please send any health or medical news press releases to:
Note: any medical information published on this site is not intended as a substitute to informed medical advice and step take any action before consulting with a health care professional institution. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
E-mail to a friend printer friendly views
Researchers at the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine have discovered that changes in the expression of a key enzyme gene may contribute to high blood pressure and increase the risk of clots of blood in women pregnant with pre-eclampsia.
These results could provide clues on the best approaches for treatment of high blood pressure and the formation of blood clots that can block blood flow to the internal organs of the pregnant woman and lead to the failure of an organ.
Researchers are working to determine the cause of preeclampsia at the molecular level and have now identified that the epigenetic mechanisms may be at stake. Epigenetics refers to changes in the expression of genes that are mediated by mechanisms other than changes in the DNA sequence.
In a study published online in Hypertension, a journal of the American Heart Association, LCA team indicated that thromboxane synthase - an important inflammatory enzyme - is increased in the blood vessels of the speakers with preeclampsia. Thromboxane synthase gene codes for the enzyme, which is involved in several processes, including stroke and cardiovascular disease. This enzyme causes the synthesis of thromboxane, which increases blood pressure and causes the formation of blood clots.
"This work is unique because it opens a new concept as the cause and the subsequent consequences of pre-eclampsia related to epigenetics," said author Scott w. Walsh, Ph.d., Professor, Department of obstetrics and Gynecology LCA. "This is the first study to show that epigenetic alterations in the blood vessels of the mother are related to pre-eclampsia."
According to Walsh, one of the major epigenetic mechanisms is DNA methylation, which controls the expression of genes. The increase of this enzyme in the blood vessels is linked to reduced DNA methylation and infiltration of neutrophils in the blood vessels. Neutrophils are white blood cells that normally help to fight infection.
In the future, Walsh said that some potential treatments for pre-eclampsia can include inhibition of thromboxane synthase, blocking of the thromboxane receptor or food folate supplementation. He said that folate supplementation may increase methylation donors to protect themselves against adverse changes in the methylation of DNA that affect the expression of the thromboxane synthase enzyme.
This study builds on the work already published by the LCA team appearing in the issue of November 2011, high blood pressure and in the issue of January 2011 in the American Journal of Pathology and have demonstrated an important role for neutrophil as responsible agents of arterial hypertension in pre-eclampsia.
Article adapted by Medical News Today news release original. Click on "References" tab over the source.MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used so that you know when your message is published. We do not use it for other purposes. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write on drugs or operations, please do not name by name health professionals.
All notices are moderated before be included (to stop spam)
Contact our News editors
For corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors, please use our feedback form.
Please send any health or medical news press releases to:
Note: any medical information published on this site is not intended as a substitute to informed medical advice and step take any action before consulting with a health care professional institution. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
View the original article here
E-mail to a friend printer friendly views
According to a new study in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal), who were born in India, but now live in the Canada, mothers are much more likely to give birth to boys as their second or third births than in women.
Dr. Joel Ray of St. Michael hospital and University of Toronto, pointed out:
"Our results raise questions about why there more stillborn male than female stillbirths among couples Indians who had two previous babies or more."
In a report of male: female study, researchers at the Hospital St. Michael and the University of Toronto examined 766 688 births unique in Ontario between 2002 and 2007. Births were classified by country or by region of birth, revealing that 486 599 babies born of Canadian mothers, 58 505 to the mothers European, 31 978 for Indian and 23 mothers 818 mothers Chinese, while 18 971 babies born to mothers from the rest of Southeast Asia, and 18 018 Pakistani mothers and 3 663 Korean mother.
Investigators have also considered the country of birth fathers and calculated the ratio of men: women of live births by country or by region and on previous shipments how the mother had already, i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3 or more.
The results showed that the ratio of men: women for most of the women was 1.05 and remained unchanged, regardless of the number of previous births, for Indian women and South Korea with previous children, the likelihood of giving birth to a male child was significantly higher and even higher than that of women Indian-born with more than one previous child.
According to previous research in India and a study on the Census of the Canada for Asian immigrants of South and Southeast Asia, a higher ratio of male bosses: female to have more children, in particular, if the previous children were girls.
The authors conclude:
"If the difference in sex ratio was the result of prenatal selection sex should be determined by the direct study of the practices of selected sex pre-implantation and termination of pregnancy among individuals of different regions of the world." In addition, an analysis of the length of residence in the Canada, access to fertility care, family income and parental preferences would be useful to describe the factors that influence the selection prenatal sex. »
The study was limited in terms of only y included unique birth, with no consideration for any selection of sex in multiple pregnancies, fertility treatment. Researchers also have not determine the sex of siblings more of the same mother.
Written by Petra rates
Author: Medical news today
Must not be reproduced without permission of Medical News Today
MLA
Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead.
Please note that we publish your name, but we do not publish your email address. It is only used so that you know when your message is published. We do not use it for other purposes. Please see our privacy policy for more information.
If you write on drugs or operations, please do not name by name health professionals.
All notices are moderated before be included (to stop spam)
Contact our News editors
For corrections of factual information, or to contact the editors, please use our feedback form.
Please send any health or medical news press releases to:
Note: any medical information published on this site is not intended as a substitute to informed medical advice and step take any action before consulting with a health care professional institution. For more information, please read our terms and conditions.
View the original article here
